Instructions:
- Answer all questions in all three sections.
- Write your answers on paper or in a document — do not write in the browser.
- Use the “Show mark scheme” buttons at the end of each section to check your work.
- Spend approximately: Section A — 50 minutes; Section B — 25 minutes; Section C — 15 minutes.
Section A: Comprehension and Translation (50 marks)
Passage 1 — Read the following passage and answer the questions below.
The centurion Marcus writes to his brother from the northern frontier.
Vocabulary (words not in the DVL):
- cottīdiē
- every day
- āciēs, āciēī
- battle line
- latēbant
- were hiding (from latēre)
- frūmentum, -ī
- grain, food supply
- dēest
- is lacking, runs short
Q1. Answer the following questions on Passage 1. [10 marks]
Q2. Answer the following grammar questions on Passage 1. [6 marks]
Q3. Translate the following section of Passage 1 into English. [20 marks]
Passage 2 — Read the following shorter passage and answer the questions below.
A Roman gentleman describes his household routine.
Vocabulary:
- post merīdiem
- in the afternoon
- lectus, -ī
- couch, bed
- vespere
- in the evening
- iūcundus, -a, -um
- pleasant, enjoyable
Q4. Answer the following questions on Passage 2. [10 marks]
Q5. Translate the phrase virī amīcī venīre solebant ut cēnārent et fābulās narrārent (lines 3–4) into English. [4 marks]
Section A Mark Scheme
Q1. Comprehension [10 marks]
(a) He is a centurion of the sixth legion. [1 mark each, max 2]
(b) The commander led the soldiers into battle / into the battle line [1]; and defeated / overcame the enemy [1]. [2 marks]
(c) Many enemies were captured [1]; the rest fled into the forest [1]. [2 marks]
(d) He wounded an enemy in the hand with his sword [1] / he himself wounded an enemy soldier with his sword [1]. [2 marks — accept any accurate rendering]
(e) Any two: grain/food is running short [1]; the soldiers fear the enemy will return [1]. [2 marks]
Q2. Grammar [6 marks]
(a) Passive voice [½], perfect tense [½]; translation: “were captured” / “have been captured” [1]. [2 marks]
(b) Relative clause [1]; “who were hiding in the hills” [1]. [2 marks]
(c) Purpose clause [1]; “in order that we might treat / so that we could treat our wounds” [1]. [2 marks]
Q3. Translation [20 marks]
Model translation: “Yesterday our commander led the soldiers into battle and defeated the enemy, who were hiding in the hills. Many of the enemy were captured; the rest were fleeing into the forest. I myself wounded an enemy in the hand with my sword and my name is great among my companions.”
Mark at 5 marks per sentence (4 sentences shown above). Award marks for each correctly rendered clause/phrase. Deduct for major errors. Accept reasonable alternatives; penalise only significant mistranslations.
Q4. Comprehension [10 marks]
(a) He lived in a large villa near the city [1]; he is described as wealthy/rich [1]. [2 marks]
(b) Any two of: preparing food [1]; tending the garden [1]. [2 marks]
(c) He rested on his couch / lay down. [2 marks]
(d) It is a purpose clause [1]; the friends came in order to dine and tell stories [1]. [2 marks]
(e) His life was pleasant / enjoyable. [2 marks]
Q5. Translation [4 marks]
“His male friends used to come in order to dine and tell stories.”
Award 1 mark each for: viri amici (male friends) [1]; venire solebant (used to come) [1]; ut cenarent (to/in order to dine) [1]; fabulas narrarent (tell stories) [1].
Section B: Language Analysis (30 marks)
Excerpt 1 — A mythological passage about Orpheus.
Vocabulary:
- praeclārus, -a, -um
- famous, illustrious
- serpens, serpentis
- snake
- Inferi, -ōrum
- the Underworld
- līra, -ae
- lyre
- cantandō
- by singing (gerund, ablative)
- respicere
- to look back
Q6. Identify the following constructions in Excerpt 1. [8 marks]
Q7. Parse the following words from Excerpt 1. [8 marks]
Excerpt 2 — A passage about Roman religion.
Vocabulary:
- pontifex, pontificis
- priest, pontiff
- diligenter
- carefully
- sacrificium, -ī
- sacrifice
- quotannīs
- every year, annually
Q8. Translate Excerpt 2 into English. [10 marks]
Q9. templum, quod in forō positum erat (line 1). [4 marks]
Section B Mark Scheme
Q6. Constructions [8 marks]
(a) Ablative absolute [1]; it tells us Eurydice had been bitten by a snake (as a circumstance prior to her descent) [1]. [2 marks]
(b) Indirect statement (accusative + infinitive) [1]; “that Eurydice was able to live / could live” [1]. [2 marks]
(c) Purpose clause [1]; “so that they would return his wife to him” [1]. [2 marks]
(d) Indirect command / negative purpose clause after verb of warning [1]; “not to look back” / “that he should not look back” [1]. [2 marks]
Q7. Parsing [8 marks]
(a) morsā: ablative [½], singular [½], feminine [½]; it is a perfect passive participle agreeing with serpente in the ablative absolute [½]. [2 marks]
(b) crēdēbat: 3rd person [½], singular [½], imperfect tense [½], active voice [½], indicative mood [0 — awarded in package]. [2 marks — any 4 correct features]
(c) īret: 3rd person [½], singular [½], imperfect tense [½], active voice [½], subjunctive mood [½]. [2 marks — any 4 correct features]
(d) mōvit: 3rd person [½], singular [½], perfect tense [½], active voice [½], indicative mood [0 — awarded in package]. [2 marks — any 4 correct features]
Q8. Translation of Excerpt 2 [10 marks]
Model translation: “The Romans used to worship many gods. The temple, which had been placed/built in the forum, was carefully looked after by the priests. Sacrifices were made every year so that the gods would not be angry. The priests prayed that peace might remain on earth.”
Mark at approximately 2–3 marks per sentence. Reward accurate rendering of passive constructions and subordinate clauses.
Q9. Grammar [4 marks]
(a) Pluperfect tense [1], passive voice [1]. [2 marks]
(b) It is a relative clause [1]; it describes/identifies the temple (gives additional information about which temple is meant) [1]. [2 marks]
Section C: English to Latin (20 marks)
Q10. Translate the following sentences into Latin. [20 marks — 4 marks each]
Section C Mark Scheme
Q10. English to Latin [20 marks — 4 marks each]
Award marks as follows: 4 = fully correct; 3 = one minor error; 2 = correct structure with errors; 1 = partially correct; 0 = wrong construction or unintelligible.
(a) Mīlitēs sciunt dūcem fortem esse.
Key features: accusative dūcem [1]; infinitive esse [1]; fortem agreeing with dūcem (acc.) [1]; overall sense [1].
(b) Cīvēs in forum cucurrērunt ut pompam spectārent.
Key features: in forum (accusative of motion towards) [1]; ut + subjunctive spectārent [1]; imperfect subjunctive after a historic main verb [1]; overall sense [1].
(c) Hostibus superātīs, imperātor Rōmam rediit.
Key features: hostibus (ablative) [1]; superātis (perfect passive participle, ablative plural) [1]; Rōmam (accusative, place to which) [1]; overall sense [1].
(d) Epistula ā senātōre scripta est.
Key features: epistula (nominative subject) [1]; ā senātōre (ablative of agent) [1]; scripta est (perfect passive) [1]; overall sense [1].
(e) Puella, quae ā magistrō laudāta erat, laeta erat.
Key features: quae (relative pronoun, nominative feminine singular) [1]; ā magistrō (ablative of agent) [1]; laudāta erat (pluperfect passive) [1]; overall sense [1].
End of Paper 1